As the old saying goes, eyes are windows to the soul. As a very important organ, it accompanies us throughout our lives. If the eyes are damaged, the world will lose its color. Nowadays, eye diseases such as myopia, retinal detachment, and allergic conjunctivitis are becoming more and more common. With the emergence of electronic products, more and more eye diseases are gradually becoming younger. So: What eye problems may we encounter between the ages of 0 and 70? How can we protect our eyes in advance and prevent them from happening?
1. Infants and young children: congenital eye diseases
01. Congenital cataract
The lens opacity that occurs at birth or within the first year after birth. Symptoms such as “white pupils or abnormal reflections”, “nystagmus, abnormal vision development in infants” indicate that the baby is likely to have congenital cataracts.
02. Neonatal dacryocystitis
Due to the obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct, tears and bacteria are retained, causing secondary infection. If the baby has tears and eye mucus in the eyes, then you should pay attention to whether he has neonatal dacryocystitis.
03. Congenital glaucoma
If infants and young children have unexplained fear of light, tearing, tight eyelids, and enlarged or foggy or slightly white pupils, parents should be alert to the possibility that the child has congenital glaucoma.
04. Allergic conjunctivitis in children
The main symptoms are eye rubbing and tearing, which affect children’s attention, learning and communication. Severe cases may even cause damage to the eye structure such as deformation of the meibomian glands, decreased tear film stability, and persistent corneal epithelial defects.
2. Preschool: Common eye diseases in children
01. Strabismus in children
There are many types of eye asymmetry, including esotropia and exotropia, commonly known as “cross-eyed” or “cross-eyed”, and should be treated early.
02. Amblyopia in children
Even with glasses, the vision is still not up to the normal level of people of the same age, and the harm is 100 times greater than myopia.
Measures: It is recommended that children should go to the hospital for regular check-ups starting from the age of 3, establish a refractive development file, regularly test the development of vision, check for common eye problems in children such as strabismus and amblyopia, and intervene early if problems are found.
3. Adolescents: Refractive Error
1. True and false myopia
Pseudomyopia is caused by improper eye adjustment. Timely intervention and correction can restore normal vision, while true myopia can be corrected by wearing glasses or myopia surgery.
2. Severe myopia
High myopia has a high refractive power, which can cause thinning and degeneration of the peripheral retina, and even lead to blinding eye diseases such as retinal detachment, tearing, and macular hemorrhage.
Measures: To determine whether it is pseudomyopia or true myopia, it is recommended to go to a professional institution for mydriasis refraction, and then check after relaxation to see if it is caused by accommodation problems.
4. Middle-aged and young people: multiple eye diseases
1. Dry eyes
After looking at the screen for a long time, you may sometimes feel eye pain, dryness, swelling, itching, and tears flowing when the wind blows. These are all symptoms of dry eye syndrome.
2. Retinopathy
Retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, hypertensive retinopathy, and patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension, thrombosis, and diabetes are at high risk of fundus diseases.
(V) Elderly people: glaucoma, cataracts, presbyopia
01. Cataract
Senile cataracts are caused by metabolic disorders of the lens. Symptoms such as blurred vision, decreased vision, decreased night vision, and faded or yellowing images indicate the onset of cataracts.
02. Glaucoma
Glaucoma is called the “invisible killer”. The older you are, the higher the chance of developing the disease. The visual damage caused is mainly manifested as a narrowing or loss of visual field. Without active treatment, it can lead to complete blindness. The disease is irreversible.
03. Presbyopia
Presbyopia is a physiological phenomenon that occurs in most people between the ages of 45 and 50. It manifests as difficulty in near vision, inability to maintain near vision, and the need for stronger lighting for reading.
04. Age-related macular degeneration
As people age, the macular area of some middle-aged and elderly people degenerates, causing decreased vision, distorted vision, dark shadows, and even blindness.
In fact , more than 90% of blinding eye diseases can be avoided through timely examination and treatment . Therefore, no matter what age group you are, you must take good care of your eyes every day. Children should learn to love and protect their eyes from an early age to prevent eye problems.
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